HAPC Model of Crowd Behavior during Crises

The dynamics of pedestrian crowds during exceptional tragic events are very complex depending on a series human behaviors resulting from combinations basic interaction principles and self-organization. Alert–Panic–Control (APC) model is one the mathematical models in literature for representing such complicated processes, mainly focusing psychologists’ points view (i.e., emotion contagion). This work proposes Hybrid APC (HAPC) including new as effect resonance, victims caused by people state panic, interactions between populations based imitation emotional contagion phenomena ability to simulate multiple disaster situations. Results simulated scenarios showed that first 5 min 54.45% population move towards alert, 13.82% enter control 31.73% pass highlighting individuals respond terrible incident quickly, right away after it occurs.